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Metabolic Acidosis
Clinical Manifestations
- hyperkalemia: shift of acid to ICF and K+ to the ECF
- anorexia, nausea, and vomiting
- warm, flushed skin
- cardiac dysrhythmias & CNS dysfunction
- headache, diarrhea, tremors
Metabolic Alkalosis
Clinical Manifestations
- cardia dysrhythmias; seizures; confusion; muscle twitching, agitation
- >pH;>HC03; normal PaCo2 or elevated if compensation occurs
Respiratory Acidosis
Clinical Manifestations
- > PaCo2; HCO3 is normal or > with renal compensation
- vasodilatation; cardiac dysrhythmias, tachycardia, somnolence, decreased ventilation
Respiratory Alkalosis
Clinical Manifestations
- > pH; < PaC02; HCO3 normal or low due to compensation
- nausea, vomiting, tingling of fingers
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A young man is found at the scene of an automobile accident in a state of emotional distress. He tells the paramedics that he feels dizzy, tingling in his fingertips, and does not remember what happened to his car. Respiratory rate is rapid at 34/minute.
Which primary acid-base disturbance is the young man at risk for if medical attention is not provided?
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