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Site Map Basic Questions Normal Values Etiology and Clinical Manifestations Assessment Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Review Case Studies Case Study 1 Case Study 2 Case Study 3 Case Study 4 Case Study 5 Case Study 6 Case Study 7 Case Study 8 Case Study 9 References Quick Reference Metabolic Acidosis Clinical Manifestations hyperkalemia: shift of acid to ICF and K+ to the ECF anorexia, nausea, and vomiting warm, flushed skin cardiac dysrhythmias & CNS dysfunction headache, diarrhea, tremors Metabolic Alkalosis Clinical Manifestations cardia dysrhythmias; seizures; confusion; muscle twitching, agitation >pH;>HC03; normal PaCo2 or elevated if compensation occurs Respiratory Acidosis Clinical Manifestations > PaCo2; HCO3 is normal or > with renal compensation vasodilatation; cardiac dysrhythmias, tachycardia, somnolence, decreased ventilation Respiratory Alkalosis Clinical Manifestations > pH; < PaC02; HCO3 normal or low due to compensation nausea, vomiting, tingling of fingers		ABG Tutorial  med-calc tutorial  current courses  links  FAQs  ABG Online Learning Activity Completed Congratulations! You have successfully completed this on-line ABG learning activity. I would appreciate your feedback Start Over References: Berg, M.D. ABG Tutorial, was available Fall 1999 at: http://www.ped.med.utah.edu/abgtutorial/tutorial2.htm Corwin, E.J. (2000). Handbook of Pathophysiology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott. McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2002). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (4th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby. Sole, M. L., Lamborn, M. L., & Hartshorn, J. C. (2001). Critical care nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
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